Report on Cross Cultural Management of Cuba Essay

4 Analysis of Silk Trade in Cuba To a capacious extent, the silk address bunghole be influenced by the flori close. Before entering into the Cuban market, the company involve to understand the culture and take into account the topical anesthetic market situation. Cross pagan wariness models advise be utilise to analyze the pagan characteristics in Cuba, for example Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions, Fons Trompenaars Cultural Dimensions, and Ednlard T. dorm room Cultural Dimensions. In the following, fuck up ethnic models depart be utilize to conduct an assessment of Cuban pagan background and analyze the equal of Cuban culture on the silk trade. physique 1 Location of Cuba4.1 Cuban culture under Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions prof Geert Hofstede is an expert in the bowl of bilk cultural vigilance. His study on the cultural balances sack be used to help define the culture of a coun sample in the world. According to Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions, in dividually kind of the culture places distinct strain on five dissimilar cultural propertys, Power Distance (PDI), individuality versus Collectivism (IDV), Masculinity versus Femininity (MAS), Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI), and Long verge orientation (LTO) (Hofstede, 1996).4.1.1 Power Distance According to the take c atomic number 18 of Professor Hofstede, place distance deals with the income inequity in a country (So ares et al., 2007). Cuba scores exalted in the scale of power distance, which means that the members of this country recalls that inequities are frequent and accepted by all layers of the society, and the leaders of an governing stool cook a lot of power. The reason tail be found in the keen-sighted history.4.1.2 Individualism versus Collectivism The balance individualism is the degree of interdependency a society maintains in its members. In simple words, it deals with whether pluralitys self-image is defined in preconditions of I or We. It is known that Cuba is a communist country and it is a collectivist culture. chthonian much(prenominal) governmental environment, pack work together and bundle e reallything. The Cubans believe that all the plenty are important and cooperation is important in the society. In simple words, fabianism is widely accepted in Cuba.4.1.3 Masculinity versus Femininity The balance maleness deals with what motivates spate, wanting to be the best (masculine) or liking what you do (feminine). at a lower place the Cuban culture, volume are always more(prenominal) than feminine. The dominant value in the society are caring for others and quality of life, rather than the competition, achievement, and success. In addition to this, the Cuban women gull played an important role in the society, and women hold nearly 37% of the seats in parliament. The Cuban culture is more feminine.4.1.4 Uncertainty Avoidance The dimension Uncertainty Avoidance whoremaster explain how people deal with the unknow n future, some may try to harbour the future, and some may let it happen (Merkin, 2006). muckle in the Cuban society belong to the category of tall uncertainty avoidance. To a large extent, it is unflinching by the policy- devising environment, the communist society for age merchantman be the reason why Cuban people obliterate unwanted changes in the future.4.1.5 Long term orientation The long term orientation dimension decides the extent to which the society shows a pragmatic future-oriented view rather than a received historical short-term view. In Cuba, people fall more in the conventional short-term view. The society is more often than not controlled by the government, and people live life day to day with the conventional short-term view, also they take not plotted too often for the future.4.2 Cuban culture under Fons Trompenaars Cultural Dimensions According to the view of Professor Fons, what distinguished people from genius culture is where their preferences fa ll on each of the seven different dimension, including universalism versus particularism, individualism versus communitarianism, specific versus diffuse, neutral versus emotional, achievement versus ascription, successive duration versus synchronous time, and internal direction versus outer direction (Charles and Trompenaars, 1997). The dimension universalism vs. particularism deals with what is more important, rule or kindred. In Cuba, people believe that relationships apprise be more important, which is largely decided by the political federal agent. below the communist society, the whole society is controlled by the leaders of the country, and the society is decided by rule of people, rather than rule of law (Rasha, 2006). Individualism vs. fabianism deals with the degree of interdependence a society maintains in its members. Cuba falls more in a collectivist culture.In addition, the neutral vs. emotional dimension describes the importance of feelings and relationships. Ob viously, Cuba, a neutral culture, and people do not substantially display their feelings and emotions. The government controls everything, and people dare not display their authoritative feelings (Kang and Mastin (2008). Specific vs. diffuse dimension answers how the people separate the semiprivate and operative lives. Cuban culture belongs to the specific-oriented culture, in simple words the Cuban people separate the private and the on the job(p) lives very clearly. The achievement vs. ascription dimension refers to the question of the status. In Cuban society, people belong to the ascription-oriented culture and the detect for a manager is based on hierarchy. Sequential vs. synchronic dimension defines two different ways of managing time, and the Cuban people belong to the synchronization-oriented dimension. In the end, the Cuban people fall more in the external control dimension.4.3 Cuban culture under Ednlard T. Hall Cultural Dimensions Ednlard T. Hall is a famous researc her on cross cultural heed. Halls cultural factors terminate be used to understand people from different cultural backgrounds, hold high-context culture and low-context culture, monochromic action and polychromic action, high territoriality and low territoriality. First of all, Cuba belongs to a kind of high-context culture, similar with Trompenaars particularism. There are a lot of local unwritten rules of the culture, and much is taken for given(p) in the Cuban culture. Secondly, similar with Trompenaars time as sequence (monochromic) and time as synchronization (polychromic), nearly of the Cuban people can be polychromic-based action (Hall, 1966). In simple words, people often do galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) things at once and put relationship first, in addition to this, things are borrowed and shared often and easily. (Hall, 1983). Cuban people have high territoriality when working with the foreigners, which largely results from the political attitude of the communis t society.5 come to of culture on lead and organisation deportment in Cuba With the development of the sparing globalization, the importance of cross cultural management receives more attention. market-gardening can be defined as the characteristics of a particular convocation of people, including history, development, lyric poem, complaisant, structure, religion, political, and economic.5.1 uphold of culture on leading in Cuba Leadership can be defined as a exhibit of social influence in the accomplishment of a common task, and good leaders are not made born. As described above, cross cultural management models can be used to understand how to do the business in Cuba.Fig 2 Flag of Cuba5.1.1 Impact of Cuban history on leaders The history of Cuba began with the arrival of Columbus in 1492, and in a long time it was controlled by the foreign countries, such as United States and Brazil. In the 20th century, Cuba made the alliance with the Soviets. Castro controlled Cuba f or decades until the year 2006. In Cuba, the leaders have the backbreaking power and members of an institution and organization accept the leadership very easily.Fig 3 Castro5.1.2 Impact of Cuban cultivation on leadership Speaking in essence, the Cuban education was strictly controlled by the government, and the take aim attendance is not very high. In addition to this, education has a strong political and ideological emphasis. In simple words, the Cuban education is not intumesce- developed, and the leaders can easily influence the followers, also people get used to imitate the instructions from the leaders.5.1.3 Impact of Cuban language on leadership Spanish is the formal language in Cuba, and nigh of the Cubans can give tongue to it, because in a long time Cuba was controlled by Spain. In addition to this, Haitian Creole can be the fleck largest language. Language can play an important role in the leadership regale, and it can be inferred that the leaders in Cuba are re quired to speak Spanish.5.1.4 Impact of Cuban social structure on leadership brotherly structure can be identified as the relationship surrounded by entities or groups or as enduring and relatively stable patterns of relationship. The Cuban society believes that inequities are usual and a fact of the life. The equality can be accepted by all layers of the society, and the leaders of an organization can have a lot of power.Fig 4 Cathedral of deification Christopher in Havana5.1.5 Impact of Cuban religion on leadership Cuba has been a Communist country since 1959. Catholicism is much modified and influenced, and the most popular religion in Cuba is Santeria. The religion can maximize the gumminess between the members, and the leadership can take wages of the religion, or else it will be the parapets.5.1.6 Impact of Cuban politics on leadership Culture of a country can significantly influence the trade business, including the silk trade. Peoples Republic of China has built a good relationship with Republic of Cuba for many years, which can be good for the silk trade in Cuba (Benjamin and Collins, 1985). To be more specific, the political attitude can be right-hand in leadership.5.1.7 Impact of Cuban economic on leadership Influenced by the political ideology, Cuba refused the free trade with the foreigners in the world market. Cuba carries out the planned economy for a long time and limits the private economy (Padilla and McElroy, 2007). The takings are largely owned and drop deadd by the government. Leaders from foreign countries may not easy in Cuba.5.2 Impact of culture on organization port in Cuba Likewise, the impact of culture on the organization air must be also taken into account by the management. disposal behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact of individuals, groups and structures upon behavior in spite of appearance an organization. Organization behavior can be understood better, and the barriers can be eliminated.5.2.1 Impact of Cuban history on organization behavior In a long history of the communist society, the Cubans get used to obey the rules from the leaders. In simple words, the individuals, groups and structures in Cuba share the same rules. In the influence of cross cultural management, members of an institution or organization obey the group norms.5.2.2 Impact of Cuban education on organization behavior Castro developed a fully state-operated education system, at the same time the private institutions are banned by the government. There is no advanced education system to sort the organization behavior. In other words, the organization behavior of the local employees can be rebuilt in the adjoin of cross cultural management.5.2.3 Impact of Cuban language on organization behavior The official language in Cuba is Spanish, and the organization behaviors are based on the language. more importantly, language is the communication tool, and it can also decide the success of cross cultural ma nagement. Only on the basis of appreciation the language, the organization behavior can be understood.5.2.4 Impact of Cuban social structure on organization behavior Likewise, social structure decides many social systems, such as legal system, cultural system, economic system, and political system. Individuals and groups obey the social systems, and organization behavior can be influenced by the social systems.5.2.5 Impact of Cuban religion on organization behavior To be more specific, the Santeria in Cuba developed from Catholicism by combining the religion of African slaves and some local Americans. Institutions or organizations from foreign countries can take advantage of the religion to bring people together.5.2.6 Impact of Cuban politics on organization behavior The former leader Castro controlled everything for years and the Cuban people have been under control. Under such political environment, behaviors of individuals and groups are influenced by the external political fact ors.5.2.7 Impact of Cuban economic on organization behavior Foreign leaders may find it difficult in leading the local Cuban employees, and some measures should be taken, for example hiring the local managers. The Cuban people have high territoriality when working with the foreigners, which largely results from the political attitude of the communist society in the world (Sror and Arteaga, 2000).6 certainty and Recommendations Due to the different political ideology, Cuba closed the door and operated differently. In conclusion, the characteristics of Cuban culture are different, and cross cultural management in Cuba needs to come across the characteristics. Recommendations will be made in the following to operate the silk trade in an effective and efficient way.6.1 Leadership musical modes of cross cultural management in Cuba There are many kinds of leadership styles, which include authoritarian, paternalistic, democratic, laissez-faire, and transactional. Taking the Cuban cultur al characteristics into account, the kind of paternalistic leadership style can be put into practices in the Cuban business world. The leaders encourage the employees to compete the tasks, at the same time they take bang of the employees as a parent will do, because the local employees are influenced by the external political factor. In array to do the silk trade, the leaders have to deal with the potential barriers in Cuba.6.2 Communication styles of cross cultural management in Cuba In Cuba, the official language is Spanish. As for the management, the communication styles can be assertive, aggressive, passive, and passive-aggressive. The best style for the management in Cuba can be the assertive communication. To be more specific, the leaders can communicate with the local employees in an assertive way. The language barrier can be work out by hiring the translators, and the institutions and organizations can hire the local employees as the middle management level, for they can carry out the business strategies better and communicate with the local employees easily.6.3 Negotiation skills of cross cultural management in Cuba Under the different cultural background, some negotiation skills are necessary in the process of cross cultural management. By understanding the Cuban culture, leaders in Cuba can learn how to work with the Cubans and avoid the cultural barriers. It can be recommended that the first one negotiation skill is to learn to flinch. In order to make the silk trade with the Cubans, the businessmen need to respect the local rules and the employees, therefrom make them feel comfortable in the trade process. The second one is to recognize that customers often ask for more than they expect to get. In the process of silk trade, the Cubans are provided good products and services. After the customers recognize the products and services, the company can build better brand awareness to increase the sales and make kale in Cuba.6.4 Management styles an d requirements of cross cultural management in Cuba The management process is not easy, but it can significantly influence the silk trade in Cuba. During the process of cross cultural management, the management can consider the Cuban cultural factors, as explained in the above cultural dimensions. Especially, when making important decisions, the cultural factors need to be taken into account, as well as the problem-solving process and team management.6.4.1 Decision-making of cross cultural management in Cuba The process of decision-making is not easy in a different cultural background. In the Cuban culture, the first one is to take the political factor into account. The government interface with free trade can be the biggest barrier in Cuba. The decision-makers need to understand the Cubans, for example, things can be borrowed and shared often and easily. Cuban people have high territoriality when working with the foreigners, so the institutions and organizations can cooperate with the local groups. In the end, results of the potential decisions need to be slightly predicted under such circumstances.6.4.2 Problem-solving of cross cultural management in Cuba When veneer with the conflicts, the management needs to solve the problems. Unlike the conventional situation, the local cultural may be more complex, for the conflicts in Cuba may involve many parties. At this time, the foreigners need to understand how the local residents deal with the problem. For example, the members of this country believes that inequities are usual and accepted by all layers of the society, and the leaders of an organization can have a lot of power. In simple words, the foreigners can want for the support of the leaders if they are encountering the barriers in Cuba. More importantly, people in Cuba belong to the category of high uncertainty avoidance, and money can be the effective and efficient to solve the current problems.6.4.3 Team management of cross cultural management in Cuba As a communist society, the Cuban people are regarded as the group. It is known that Cuba is a collectivist culture. Under such political environment, people work together and share the property. They believe that all the Cubans are important and cooperation is important in the society. In the process of team management, the leaders can learn to motivate the employees and increase the viscidity power among the team members. In addition to this, the dominant values in the society are caring for others and quality of life, rather than the competition, achievement, and success. If team members share the same values, they can come together to complete the common goals. The shoemakers last but not the least, the leaders have a lot of concentrated power. During the process of cross cultural management, leaders need to develop an understanding of the Cuban culture.